THE ROSE OF BAGHDAD SHAREEF

SALAM AY UMMATH YE MUHAMMADIAH (Salla Allahu Ta'ala 'Alayhi Wa Sallam)


ASSALAM U WALAIKUM

BISMILLAH IRRAHMAN IRRAHIM

THE ROSE OF BAGHDAD SHAREEF

AL-GHAWTH AL-A'ZAM SULTAN AL-AWLIYA' SAYYADUNA 'ASH-SHAYKH MUHIYI'D-DIN 'ABD AL-QADIR AL-JILANI AL-HASSANI AL-HUSAAYNI (RADI ALLAHU TA'ALA 'ANHU)

‘’SOME NATURES HAVE A SPIRITUAL AFFINITY WITH OTHERS. IN THIS WAY MY SOUL HAS AN AFFINITY WITH THE SOUL OF SYED ABDUL QADIR JILANI AND I HAVE BEEN MADE AWARE OF IT THROUGH CLEAR SPIRITUAL VISIONS. ABOUT THIRTY YEARS BACK ONE NIGHT ALLAH INFORMED ME THAT HE HAD CHOSEN ME FOR HIS OWN. BY A STRANGE COINCIDENCE AN OLD WOMAN WHO WAS ABOUT EIGHTY YEARS OF AGE SAW A DREAM THE SAME NIGHT AND RELATED IT TO ME THE NEXT MORNING THAT SHE HAD SEEN SYED ABDUL QADIR JILANI (MAY ALLAH BE PLEASED WITH HIM) IN HER DREAM. HE WAS ACCOMPANIED BY ANOTHER EMINENT PERSONAGE BOTH WEARING GREEN DRESSES. THE SECOND PERSON WAS SOMEWHAT YOUNGER THAN SYED ABDUL QADIR. FIRST THEY OFFERED PRAYER IN OUR JUM'A MASJID AND THEN THEY EMERGED INTO THE COURTYARD OF THE MOSQUE. THE WOMAN STOOD NEAR THEM AND PRESENTLY A BRIGHT STAR APPEARED IN THE EAST. SYED ABDUL QADIR WAS VERY HAPPY AT ITS APPEARANCE AND ADDRESSING IT GREETED IT WITH: PEACE BE ON YOU. HIS COMPANION ALSO OFFERED THE GREETING OF PEACE. THAT STAR WAS MY SELF. SHE SAW THIS IN THE LATTER PART OF THE NIGHT. AS HAS BEEN SAID: A BELIEVER SEE VISIONS HIM-SELF AND VISIONS ABOUT HIM ARE VOUCHSAFED TO OTHERS”


HERE THE PROMISED MESSIAH (AS) TALKS OF THE MAGNIFICENT FRIEND AND LOVER OF ALLAH (SWT) HADHRAT SAYYED MUHYIDIN ABU MOHAMMAD ABDUL QADIR AL-JILANI (RA). ANYONE WHO HASTHE FORTUNE TO COME ACROSS THE LIFE AND WORKS OF SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR JILANI (RA) WILL BE IN NO DOUBT AS TO WHY THE SOUL OF THE PROMISED MESSIAH (AS) HAD SUCH A CLOSE AFFINITY WITH THAT OF SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR (RA). HIS EVERY POUR YEARNED TO SERVE ALLAH (SWT) AND HE IS INDEED TO BE COUNTED FROM AMONGST THE GREATEST OF THE AWLIYAA ALLAH (FRIENDS OF ALLAH). COMMENTING ON HIS COMPLETE SUBSERVIENCE TO THE WILL OF ALLAH (SWT), HADHRAT KHALIFATUL MASIH II (RA) WRITES

‘’HAZRAT ABDUL QADIR JILANI IN ONE OF HIS BOOKS SAYS: ‘‘THERE IS A TIME WHEN I DO NOT EAT UNTIL ALLAH IS PLEASED TO SAY: ABDUL QADIR, GET UP AND EAT FOR MY SAKE, OR WEAR THESE ROBES TO PLEASE ME.’ IT IS MEN LIKE HIM WHO WOULD DO EVEN THEIR DAILY CHORES ONLY WHEN ALLAH WANTS THEM TO; OF COURSE, NOT FOR THEIR OWN SAKE BUT FOR THE SAKE OF ALLAH, FOR WHATEVER THEY DO, THEY DO IT TO PLEASE HIM.’’


BOTH THE PROMISED MESSIAH (AS) AND SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR AL-JILANI WERE CONSUMED WITH THE LOVE OF THE HOLY PROPHET SALLAHU ALAHI WASLAM AND IT IS THE GREAT BLESSING OF ALLAH (SWT) THAT BOTH OF THESE GREAT CHAMPIONS OF HUMANITY SHARED BOTH A SPIRITUAL AND BLOOD AFFINITY. FOR THEY ARE RELATED TO EACH OTHER THROUGH THE LINE OF THE HOLY PROPHET’S SALLAHU ALAHI WASLAM BELOVED DAUGHTER, AMMI SAYYEDA OF THE WOMEN OF THE WORLDS, AMMI SYEDA HADHRAT FATIMA AZ-ZAHRA (RA).


BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION, THIS GREAT PERSONAGE OF ISLAM, SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR (RA) WAS BORN IN 470 A.H. (1077-78 C.E.) AND OF PERSIAN DESCENT (COMING FROM THE AREA OF JILAN). ONE OF HIS MANY TITLES (KUNYA) IS ‘AL-HASANI WAL HUSSEINI’ BECAUSE HE WAS BLESSED WITH DIRECT LINEAGE TO THE HOLY PROPHET SALLAHU ALAHI WASLAM THROUGH HIS FATHER HADHRAT ABU SALEH ZANGI DOST (RA) WHO WAS A DIRECT DESCENDANT OF IMAM HASSAN (RA); AND ALSO THROUGH HIS MOTHER HADHRAT BIBI UMMUL KHAIR FATIMA (RA) WHO WAS A DIRECT DESCENDANT OF IMAM HUSSEIN (RA).



THE CIRCUMSTANCES SURROUNDING THE BLESSED MARRIAGE OF HADHRAT ABU SALEH (RA) AND HADHRAT BIBI UMMUL KHAIR (RA) WERE QUITE MIRACULOUS TO SAY THE LEAST. IT IS SAID THAT ONE DAY HADHRAT ABU SALEH (RA), WHO WAS RENOWNED FOR HIS GREAT PIETY, WAS WALKING ALONG A RIVERBANK WHEN HE CAME ACROSS AN APPLE WHICH HE PICKED UP AND ATE. UPON REFLECTION, HE BECAME EXTREMELY WORRIED AS HE FEARED THAT IN EATING THE APPLE HE MAY HAVE TAKEN SOMETHING THAT WAS NOT RIGHTFULLY HIS TO TAKE. PERHAPS HIS WORRY WAS IGNITED BY THE FOLLOWING INCIDENT INVOLVING THE HOLY PROPHET SALLAHU ALAHI WASLAM



THE PROPHET SALLAHU ALAHI WASLAM PASSED A DATE FALLEN ON THE WAY AND SAID, ‘’WERE I NOT AFRAID THAT IT MAY BE FROM A SADAQA (CHARITABLE GIFTS), I WOULD HAVE EATEN IT.’’


!!!!SUBHAN ALLAH, MASHA ALLAH, ALLAHU AKBAR!!!!

IN ORDER TO RECTIFY THE SITUATION HE SEARCHED FOR THE OWNER OF THE APPLE UNTIL HE CAMETO A GARDEN FILLED WITH APPLES WHICH WAS OWNED BY A MAN CALLED HADHRAT ABDULLAH SAWMAI AZ-ZAHID (RA). HADHRAT ABU SALEH (RA) OFFERED HIS SINCERE APOLOGY WHICH HADHRAT ABDULLAH (RA) SAID HE WOULD ACCEPT ON THE CONDITION THAT HADHRAT ABU SALEH(RA) SPENT SOME TIME MAINTAINING HIS GARDEN. HADHRAT ABU SALEH (RA) AGREED AND OBEDIENTLY TENDED TO THE UPKEEP OF THE GARDEN. AFTER SOME TIME HAD PASSED HADHRATABU SALEH (RA) WAS RELEASED FROM HIS OBLIGATION BUT WITH THE FINAL CONDITION THAT HE SHOULD MARRY THE DAUGHTER OF HADHRAT ABDULLAH (RA) WHO WAS SAID TO BE BLIND, DEAF, AND HANDICAPPED IN BOTH THE ARMS AND LEGS. WITH GREAT OBEDIENCE AND HUMILITY HADHRAT ABU SALEH (RA) ACCEPTED THIS CONDITION AND MARRIED THE DAUGHTER OF HADHRAT ABDULLAH (RA). ON THE WEDDING NIGHT HE MET HIS NEW WIFE FOR THE FIRST TIME AND FOUND THAT THE LADY IN FRONT OF HIM WAS BLESSED WITH GREAT BEAUTY AND SEEMED VERY ABLE BODIED. HER APPEARANCE WAS SO FAR FROM THE DESCRIPTION HE HAD ORIGINALLY BEEN GIVEN THAT HE IMMEDIATELY EXITED THINKING THAT HE HAD ENTERED THE WRONG ROOM. HADHRATABDULLAH (RA) APPROACHED HIM AND EXPLAINED, TO THE ASTONISHMENT OF HADHRAT ABUSALEH (RA), THAT HIS ORIGINAL WORDS WERE FAR FROM A DECEPTION SAYING,

’O PRINCE, THIS IS YOUR WIFE AND WHATEVER I HAD SAID ABOUT HER IS TRUE. SHE IS BLIND IN THAT SHE HAS NEVER LIFTED HER EYES TOWARDS A NON-MAHRAM (NON-MARRIAGEABLE RELATIVE). SHE IS DEAF IN THAT SHE HAS NEVER HEARD ANYTHING AGAINST THE SHARIAH. SHE IS HANDICAPPED IN THE HAND IN THAT SHE HAS NEVER TOUCHED ANYTHING AGAINST THE SHARIAH WITH THEM, AND SHE IS HANDICAPPED IN THE LEGS IN THAT SHE HAS NEVER STEPPED OUT OF THE HOUSE AGAINST THE SHARIAH.’’


IT WAS UNDER THESE MOST BLESSED AND HEART WARMING CIRCUMSTANCES THAT HADHRAT ABUSALEH (RA) AL-HASANI AND HADHRAT BIBI UMMUL KHAIR FATIMA (RA) AL-HUSSEINI MARRIED.THESE WERE THE RIGHTEOUS PARENTS OF A SON CALLED HADHRAT ABDUL QADIR AL-JILANI (RA)AND IT WAS FROM THEIR HOME THAT ALLAH (SWT) GAVE THE BLESSING OF WILAYAH (SAINTHOOD)AND MUJADIDIYYAH (REFORMER SHIP). HE WAS THUS BLESSED WITH A PIOUS UPBRINGING AND AT THE AGE OF 18 EMBARKED UPON A GREAT SPIRITUAL JOURNEY LASTING SOME SEVENTY-ONE YEARS WHICH SAW HIM ELEVATED TO THE LOFTY STATION OF MUJADADIYYAT AND PERHAPS EVEN BEYOND. ONE DAY HE CAME TO HIS MOTHER AND TOLD HER THAT HE WANTED TO GO TO BAGHDAD TO SEEK KNOWLEDGE. ON SEEING HOW INTENT HE WAS SHE BEGAN TO WEEP AND BROUGHT HIM FORTY GOLD COINS WHICH SHE SEWED INTO A POCKET IN THE ARMPIT OF HIS JACKET. ON SETTING OFF FROM HIS HOME TOWN FOR BAGHDAD HIS BLESSED MOTHER GAVE HIM THE FOLLOWING ADVICE,

1. OBEY ALLAH SUBHAN WATHALA COMMANDMENTS

2. ABSTAIN FROM FORBIDDEN THINGS

3. BE ALWAYS PLEASED WITH THE DECREE OF PROVIDENCE

4. ALWAYS BE TRUTHFUL


A CLOSE STUDY OF THE REMAINING SEVENTY-ONE YEARS OF HIS MIRACULOUS LIFE IS TESTAMENT TO THE FACT THAT HE NEVER LOST SIGHT OF HIS MOTHER’S TREASURED ADVICE AND ALWAYS REMAINED STEADFAST TO HER LOVING WORDS OF WISDOM. THIS IS ANOTHER SIGN OF HIS COMPLETE OBEDIENCE TO ALLAH (SWT) FOR SURELY HE (SWT) HAS INSTRUCTED MANKIND,


[31:15]‘’AND WE HAVE ENJOINED ON MAN TO BE GOOD TO HIS PARENTS - HIS MOTHER BEARS HIM IN WEAKNESS UPON WEAKNESS, AND HIS WEANING TAKES TWO YEARS - AND SAID, 'GIVE THANKS TO ME AND THY PARENTS. UNTO ME IS THE FINAL RETURN’’


A FAMOUS INCIDENT WHICH ILLUSTRATES HIS OBEDIENCE TO HIS MOTHER OCCURRED SHORTLY AFTER HIM LEAVING FOR BAGHDAD WHEN HIS CARAVAN (QAFILA) WAS ATTACKED BY A SIXTY MAN BAND OF HIGHWAYMEN. THEY DEMANDED EACH MEMBER OF THE QAFILA TO HAND OVER ANY VALUABLES THEY HAD ON THEIR PERSON. UNKNOWN TO THEM SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR (RA) WAS CARRYING THE FORTY GOLD COINS WHICH HIS MOTHER HAD SOWN TO THE INSIDE OF THE GARMENT HE WAS WEARING FOR SAFEKEEPING. SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR (RA) REFUSED TO DISOBEY HIS MOTHER’S NOBLE INSTRUCTION NOT TO LIE AND WHEN ONE OF THE BANDITS ASKED HIM IF HE HAD ANY VALUABLES HE VOLUNTEERED THE WHEREABOUTS OF THE COINS BUT THE BANDIT DID NOT BELIEVE HIM. A SECOND BANDIT THEN ASKED SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR (RA) THE SAME QUESTION AND HE AGAIN SAID THAT FORTY GOLD COINS WERE IN HIS JACKET BUT THE SECOND BANDIT ALSO DIDN’T BELIEVE HIM.

WHEN THE LEADER OF THE ROBBERS HEARD OF WHAT SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR (RA) HAD SAID HE ORDERED THAT THE STITCHING BE UNDONE AND TO HIS UTTER ASTONISHMENT THE COINS WERE THERE. THIS GREAT ACT OF HONESTY REDUCED THE LEADER OF THE ROBBERS TO A GREAT STATE OF HUMILITY AND HE ASKED SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR (RA), ‘WHEN YOUR MONEY WAS SAFE, WHAT COMPELLED YOU TO INSIST THAT YOU HAD IT AND SAY WHERE IT WAS HIDDEN’, TO WHICH THE GREAT SHEIKH REPLIED, ‘I MUST TELL THE TRUTH UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, AS I PROMISED TO MY MOTHER’


THE LEADER WAS REDUCED TO TEARS AND IN THE SPIRIT OF REPENTANCE HE SAID, ‘I RENEGED ON MY PROMISE TO THE ONE WHO CREATED ME. I STOLE AND KILLED. WHAT WILL HAPPEN TO ME?’ BEFORE THE GREAT SHEIKH COULD REPLY THE OTHER HIGHWAYMEN, FILLED WITH THE FEAR OF ALLAH (SWT), INTERJECTED AND UTTERED THE MOST UNPREDICTABLE WORDS, ‘YOU HAVE BEEN OUR LEADER ALL THESE YEARS IN SINNING. NOW ALSO BE OUR LEADER IN REPENTING’. THE HIGHWAYMEN THEN TOOK THE HANDOFF SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR AL-JILANI (RA) AND OFFERED THEIR BAY’AH (PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE) AND SOUGHT THE REPENTANCE OF ALMIGHTY ALLAH (SWT). IT IS HERE NECESSARY TO PAUSE FOR A MOMENT AND REFLECT UPON A BEAUTIFUL OBSERVATION. TOWARDS THE END OF THE LIFE OF SHEIKH ABDUL QADIR (RA) SAINTS AND GREAT FRIENDS OF ALLAH (SWT) WOULD FLOCK TOWARDS HIM IN HOARDS SO AS TO OFFER THEIR BAY’AH AT HIS HAND YET THE FIRST PEOPLE TO OFFER THEIR BAY’AH AT HIS BLESSED HAND WERE SIXTY THIEVES AND KILLERS. INDEED ALMIGHTY ALLAH’S (SWT) MERCY KNOWS NO LIMIT.

GLORY BE TO ALLAH, AS MANY TIMES AS THE NUMBER OF HIS CREATURES; GLORY BE TO ALLAH TO THE EXTENT OF HIS BEING’S PLEASURE; GLORY BE TO ALLAH EQUAL TO THE WEIGHT OF HIS THROWN; GLORY BE TO ALLAH EQUAL TO THE INK THAT MAY BE IS RECORDING THE WORDS (FOR HIS PRAISE)’


YAH UMMATH YE MUHAMMADIAH (SALLAHU ALAHI WASALAM),

EVERY TIME I ASKED MY FRIENDS A QUESTION THAT WHAT IS THE BASE OF ISLAM. EVERY ONE SAYS ABOUT THE FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM. BUT NO ONE SAYS THE CORRECT WORD UNTIL NOW.



ACTUALLY WHAT I FEEL, THE BASE OF THE ISLAM IS THIS. WHAT I MENTION BELOW.



AS OUR BELOVED AND OUR MASTERS FOLLOWED AND TEACH US. TODAY ARE WE FOLLOWING?


(‘WHEN YOUR MONEY WAS SAFE, WHAT COMPELLED YOU TO INSIST THAT YOU HAD IT AND SAY WHERE IT WAS HIDDEN’, TO WHICH THE GREAT SHEIKH REPLIED, ‘I MUST TELL THE TRUTH UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, AS I PROMISED TO MY MOTHER’ )


!!! TRUTH IS THE BASE OF ISLAM, TRUTH IS THE BASE OF IMAAN, TRUTH IS THE BASE OF LOVE, TRUTH IS THE BASE OF UNITY, TRUTH IS THE BASE OF THE CREATION.!!!


!!! A SIMPLE WORD, CREATE EVERY THING. WHAT A WORD !!!


!!! TRUTH IS ALLAH SUBHAN WATHA ALLA !!!


!!!!SUBHAN ALLAH, MASHA ALLAH, ALLAHU AKBAR!!!!

IT WILLS CONTINUE INSHA ALLAH……….

KHAIRUL RABUL ALAMEEN

BADSHAH KHAN

The honor of Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib (Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem)with reference to Ashaab-e-Kahf ( Khabarnama-e-Khialfat-e-Islamia)

Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib (Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) gave rare details about the Ashaab-e-Kahf, a group of 7 wali's of ALLAH who retired to a cave to escape the persecution of the King of that time who was forcing them to convert to polytheism and Shirk.



This group of 7 muqqaribeen wali's are mentioned in the Quran and are a source of much knowledge and learnings when it comes to the teachings and practice of Tassawwuf.



Once a group of Jews came to Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib (Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) and asked him such rare questions regarding them that no one else except ALLAH and HIS Beloved Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) knew and his (Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem)'s replies are mentioned below:





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The Jewish man said: Tell me the story of a group of people who in the distant past, slept for 309 years and then were raised to life by God! Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib said: They were the companions of the cave about whom God Almighty revealed verses to our prophet with their description. I will tell you the whole story from the Holy Qur’an if you are interested in it. The Jewish man said: O (Sayyedna Mawla )Ali bin abi Talib! I have heard about the Qur’an. Tell me about them if you know their names, the names of their fathers, the name of the city, the king, the dog, and their cave! Wrapping the Holy Prophet’s cloak round himself, Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib said: O Jewish brother! My beloved, the Messenger of ALLAH told me the story as such:



In Rome, there was a city by the name of Ephesus or Tartus (before Islam, it was Ephesus and after the advent of Islam it was Tartus) ruled by a benefactor man. After a long time, the ruler passed away and the situation in that city became chaotic. The news of chaos reached a Persian king who was oppressor and unbeliever. With his military expedition to that city, he seized the city in a short time, and made that city his capital where he built a glorious palace. The Jewish scholar who was all ears, listening to what Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib said, interrupted him, saying: O (Sayyedna Mawla )Ali bin abi Talib! Should you know anything about that palace, describe it more elaborately? Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib said: O Jewish brother! The palace had been built of flat marble stones, one farasang long and one farasang wide with four thousand gold columns from which a thousand gold condyles with chain silvers hanging. The palace was illuminated with the best and most aromatic lamp oil. On the eastern side of the palace, there were two hundred windows and the same number on the western side. The sun lit the palace from morning till evening. A throne of gold measuring eighty meters long and forty meters wide, adorned with different precious Jewels, had been built. On the right side of the throne, there were eighty chairs on which senior officers who had ten thousand army men under their command were sitting at his beck and call.



On the left side of the throne too, there were eighty chairs on which scholars and judges were sitting, waiting for his command.



Then the king sat on the throne and put the royal crown on his head. The Jewish scholar once again interrupted Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib and said: If you know anything about that crown, elaborate on it! Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib said: The royal crown was made of melted gold having nine bases on which there was a pearl which radiated in night like a lamp. Fifty slaves who were the sons of senior officers with red silk coat and beautiful green breeches, a crown on head, bracelet on hand, ankle-ring on feet, with each having a club of gold in hand were standing over the king’s head ready to carry out his orders. Out of six sons of scholars who were younger, three stood on the right side and the other three on the left side. They were special cancellers without whose consultation the king did not decide on anything. The Jewish scholar said: O (Sayyedna Mawla )Ali bin abi Talib, what were the names of those six persons? Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib said: My beloved, the Messenger of ALLAH said: The names of those standing on the right side were Amlikhius, Maximinyanius, and Motyanius, and those standing on the left side were Danius, Yanius, and Mertus.



When he sat on the throne and people gathered in the palace, three slaves entered from entrance. In the hand of the first slave, there was a gold chalice full of musk. In the hand of the second slave, there was a silver chalice full of rosewater and in the hand of the third slave, there was a bird which with a call started flying dipped its wings in the rosewater chalice. At another call, the bird started flying again, dipped its wings in the musk chalice, and with the last call, the bird started flying and sat on the royal crown, sprinkling rosewater and musk on the head and face of king.



Decius ruled over that territory for 30 years with peace of mind. During this time, no sorrow or pain afflicted him. This made him feel so arrogant that he claimed to be God. Hence, he called all the chiefs of tribes and associates, telling them about his claim. Whoever accepted his claim, he would be honored and given royal garments and whoever disobeyed him, would be murdered. Given that situation, people accepted his claim and started worshipping him instead of God either out of greed for royal garment or out of fear for death. This situation continued until a festival day when Decius was sitting on the throne with his royal crown on his head that one of the officers entered the palace and reported that the Persian army was quickly advancing towards them with the intention of war! Hearing this, Decius was so upset that he almost fainted. The crown fell off his head and he rolled on the ground from the throne. At this time, one of the three youths sitting on the right side of him, called Temlikha who was wiser than the others became pensive, saying to himself: If Decius is really God, as he claims, why he eats, drinks, and defecates like human beings whereas these acts are not Godly? Those six youths gathered in one another’s house, ate, drank, and enjoyed themselves. When the event happened to Decius, they happened to be in Temlikha’s house. The other five youth were eating and drinking but Temlikha abstained from eating or drinking. When he was asked the reason, he said: O brothers! A new idea has found its way into my heart which stops me from eating and drinking. They asked: What is that idea? He said: I have long been thinking as who is holding the sky which is spread like a canopy over our heads or what pillars are under it? Who is it that has made the sun and moon move and has decorated the sky with stars? I think the same about the earth. Who is linking the seas and the sky-touching mountains to stop from falling off? I ask myself who brought me to this world from my mother’s womb, gave me daily food, and nourished me.



After pondering, I have come to the conclusion that this world has a maker other than the tyrant and oppressive Decius! Hearing this, all the other youths bowed to him, kissed him, and said: Whatever has passed in your heart has passed in our hearts too. Now tell us what should be done! Temlikha said: O brothers! We have no option other than seeking refuge to the Lord of the heavens and the earth and fleeing this territory!



The other five youths said: Your decision is right. After this, Temlikha sold some of the dates of his palm-groove for three Dirhams, wrapped it in his cloak, saying to his companions: Ride on your horses so as to set out for a desert! The youths mounted their horses and went as far as three miles from their city. Temlikha said: We were in danger of being chased by the tyrant up to here but from now on we are safe. We should dismount our horses and let them go. We should go on our path in this desert till God will guide us on the right path.



The youths walked for seven Farsakhs but since they were not used to walking, their feet were bleeding. On their way, they met a shepherd from whom they asked for milk or water! Seeing their handsome faces, the shepherd said: What you want is with me. But you do not look like common people. You must be princes who have fled your country. Tell me your story. The youths said: O shepherd! We have a religion which does not prescribe telling lies! Will you keep our secret if we tell you the truth? The shepherd said: Yes, indeed. The youths told him the whole story.



Hearing their story, the shepherd while bowing to them, kissed them and said: What has gone into your heart, has gone into my heart too. I ask you now to give me a chance to return this flock of sheep to their owners and then to accompany you! The youths agreed. The shepherd returned the flock of sheep to their owners and joined the six youths with his dog.



Here the Jew once again interrupted Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib (Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) and asked about the color and name of the dog. Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib(Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem)said: O Jewish brother, my beloved, the Messenger of ALLAH, informed me that the dog was black and white though black was prevailing and its name was Qatmir.



Seeing the dog was following them, one of the youths said: This dog with its barking may betray us. We would better drive it away to be safe from any possible danger. Nevertheless, however much they tried to drive it away, the dog did not take distance from them. Seeing that they insisted to expel it, the dog sat on its claws saying in human speech: Why are you driving me away while I bear witness that God is one and has no partner. Let me be with you and keep watch on you, hoping that I will get close to my Lord! Hearing this, the youths stopped driving it away and continued their way. The shepherd led the youths to the top of mountain till they reached a cave.



The Jewish scholar asked another question: O `Ali! What are the names of that mountain and the cave? Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib(Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) said: The name of mountain is “Yankloosh” and the name of the cave is “Wasid.”



Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib(Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) continued the story as such: There were fruitful trees and springs with wholesome water near the cave. They ate from the fruits of trees, drank from the wholesome water of springs, went to the cave at night and slept. The dog too slept at the entrance of the cave, keeping watch on them. At that time, God Almighty gave the angel of death a mission to grasp their souls. When this was done, God appointed two guardian angels for each to turn them from one side to the other and ordered sun to shine on the cave every morning and afternoon. The sun too carried out its mission accordingly.



When Decius returned to his palace from the venue of festival, he saw no sign of those six youths. Hence, he asked after them. A man who knew about the escape of the youths, said: Your majesty, they have fled your territory and have a God other than you! Hearing this, Decius who was furious, pursued them with a thousand army men and tracked them down to the top of mountain where the cave was. When they reached the entrance to the cave, having the impression that they had gone to sleep, Decius arrogantly said: They have been afflicted with a punishment worse than the one I wished to carry out about them. He immediately ordered the entrance to the cave to be blocked with stone and plaster, saying to his companions: If this heaven and earth has a God, let him save them from this situation!



The believing youths slept in that cave for 309 years without any soul. Then God Almighty at a dawn of a day, when the sun started shining, blew spirit into their bodies. They immediately rose up and saying to one another: Last night, we defaulted out prayer to God. Let us go to the spring of water! Going to the spring, they amazingly found that the spring had disappeared and the trees had dried up! They said with amazement: Has something happened during the night as a result of which the springs and green trees have dried up!?



At this time, God made them feel hungry. So one of them said: Which one of you will go to city to buy some bread? Be careful the bread is not mixed with the fat of pig! In this relation, God states: “Now send one of you with this silver (coin) of yours to the city, then let him see which of them has purest food” (18:19).



Temlikha said to them: You stay here, for no one but I can buy the bread. He then said to the shepherd: Give me your clothes and I will give you my clothes. He put on the shepherd’s clothes and headed for the city. On his way, he saw scenes and ways he had never seen before. Reaching the gate of the city, he caught sight of a green banner with the inscription: “There is no god but ALLAH, Jesus is ALLAH’s messenger” installed over the gate!



Looking with amazement at the banner, and rubbing his eyes, Temlikha said to himself: Am I dreaming? He paused there for a long time and then entered the city. He passed by a group of people who were reading Gospel (Injil) and saw people he did not know. At any rate, he decided to go to the market to buy bread. He asked the baker: What is the name of this city? He said: Ephesus. Temlikha asked: What is the name of the king? He said: `Abd al-Rahman. Temlikha said: If what you say is the truth, then I am facing a strange situation! Temlikha gave the money to him, saying: Give me bread for the value of this money. As Temlikha’s Dirhams were bigger and heavier than the current ones, the baker was surprised!



The Jew interrupted Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib(Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) for the fourth time, saying: O `Ali, what was the weight of those Dirhams? Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib(Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) said: My beloved, the Messenger of ALLAH informed me of it. The weight of each Dirham was equal to the weight of ten and one third of Dirhams.



The baker said: I believe you have found a treasure! Should you not give some of it to me I will surrender you to the king. Temlikha said: I have found no treasure. The Dirhams you see with me is the money for the dates I sold three days back and fled the city of the tyrant Decius! Being furious and surprised, the baker said: You have found a treasure, do not give anything from it to me, making fun of me, and mentions the name of a tyrant man who claimed to be God and died more than three hundred and odd years ago!



Then, the baker caught his hand to take him to the king. A large group of people gathered round them too. At this time, the king who was a wise and farsighted man arrived and asked about the event. People said: This man has found a treasure! The king asked Temlikha: If you have found any treasure, it will be yours. We follow the religion of Jesus. He has instructed us to receive only one fifth of it! So do not fear, for we will not harm you. Temlikha said: Your majesty! I assure you that I have not found a treasure. I am a native of this city. The king asked: Are you really a native of this city? Temlikha said: Yes. The king said: Name some of the people you know. Temlikha named a thousand persons whom neither the king nor the people knew! The king said: We do not know these people, for they do not live in our time. Then the king asked: Do you have a house in this city? Temlikha said: Yes, send someone with me to show him my house. The king appointed an agent to go with people to Temlikha’s house. They went from one street to another and from one alley to another till they reached the highest building. Temlikha said: This is my house and knocked the door. An old man whose eyebrows had fallen on his eyes due to senility appeared at the threshold. Being horrified, he said: What do you want from me? The king’s agent said: This young man claims this house belongs to him! The old man said angrily: What is your name? The young man said: Temlikha the son of Festin. The old man said: Say it again! He repeated his name and that of his father. All of a sudden, the old man hugged and kissed him, saying: By the Lord of Ka`bah, this young man is my grandfather. He is one of the six men who fled the tyrant Decius and took refuge with the Lord of the heaven and the earth. The proof is that Prophet Jesus (a.s) has told us about them saying: One day they will be raised to life. They told the story to the king who rode on the horse heading for them. Reaching Temlikha, the king dismounted from the horse and put Temlikha on his shoulder. People kept on kissing his hands and feet, asking him: O Temlikha! Where are your friends? Temlikha said: They are safe and sound in the cave.



In those days, the city of Ephesus was jointly run by a Muslim and a Christian. They mounted their horses and accompanied Temlikha up to the cave. Addressing them, Temlikha said: You wait here. I fear that if my friends hear the sound of horses’ hooves, feeling that Decius is chasing them, they will faint. Stay here for a short while so that I will inform them. People stopped outside the cave. Temlikha went to his friends who were pleased to see him, hugged him and said: Thanks God, you are safe from the evil of Decius. Temlikha said: Forget Decius and tell me how long you were in this cave. They said: One day or less than a day. Temlikha said: It is not so. We have been sleeping in this cave for 309 years! Now I should tell you that Decius is dead and the people of Ephesus believe in God after the passage of three centuries and they are now waiting to see you outside the cave! His friends said: Temlikha, are you going to put us to test by people? Temlikha said: What do you desire? They said: Raise your hands for prayer. They raised their hands for the same purpose, saying: O Lord! Through what you cast in our hearts and showed us, make us die and do not disclose our secret to anyone.



God gave the death angel the mission to grasp their souls and then God hid the entrance to cave in a way that the two Muslim and Christian men went round the cave for seven days but found no trace of the cave. They were ascertained that this event depended on the grace of God so that these youths will be a lesson for us and others. At that time, the Muslim governor said: These youths died in my religion, hence, a mosque must be built on the site of the cave, and the Christian man said: They died in my religion and a covenant must be built there! The dispute between the two ended in fighting and finally the Muslim man became victorious. Therefore, they built a mosque there. In this relation, the Holy Qur’an says: “Those who prevailed in their affair said: We will certainly raise a Masjid over them” (18:21). When the story came to here, Sayyedna Mawla Ali bin abi Talib(Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) said: O Jewish man! This was the story of the companions of cave. Is this story conforming to your Torah? The Jewish man said: Yes, it conforms to the letter, but Abul Hasan, do not call me a Jew from now, for I bear witness that there is no god but ALLAH and Muhammad is HIS messenger and you are the most knowledgeable man of this Ummah.

Udhiyyah ( Khabarnam-e-Khilafat-e-Islamia) The slaughter of animals on the eve of Dhul Hijjah and the Islamic perspection

The slaughter of animals on the eve of Dhul Hijjah and the Islamic perspection

by, Professor H. I. Q. Qadiri





Definition


‘Udhiya’ is an Arabic word meaning "blood sacrifice", and ‘Qurbani’ is an Urdu and Persian word derived from the Arabic word "Qurban" which literally means an act performed to seek ALLAH’s pleasure. It is technically used f ...or the sacrifice of an animal slaughtered for the sake of ALLAH



The sacrifice of an animal has always been a recognised form of worship in many religions, but in the ‘Shariah’ (Islamic sacred law) of our beloved Prophet (Peace be upon him) the sacrifice of an animal has been recognised as a form of worship only during the three days of the month Dhul Hijjah- namely the 10th, 11th, and 12th .



ALLAH Ta’ala says in the Noble Quran:

"Verily, We have granted you (O Muhammad - Peace be upon him Al- Kauthar (a river in paradise),

So pray on to thy lord and sacrifice. For he who makes you angry will be cut off."

(Surah 10)

"And the camels! We have appointed them among the ceremonies of ALLAH, therein ye have good!"



Of all of the physical and spiritual worships the greatest is 'salah' and among the worships concerning wealth, sacrifice holds a distinguished position, because the original spirit of sacrifice was to sacrifice the soul. The replacement of an animal was made due to some reasons, as it is clear from the story of Hazrat Sayyedna Ibrahim (Alaihis salam) and Hazrat Sayyyedna Ismail (Alaihis salam). That is why in other places in the Quran the mention of ‘salaah’ is made together with ‘Qurbani’.

Origin of Qurbani


This act of ‘Udhiya’ is to commemorate the unparalleled sacrifice offered by the Hazrat Sayyedna Ibrahim (Alaihis salam) .When he, in pursuance to a command of ALLAH Ta’ala conveyed to him in a dream, prepared himself to slaughter his beloved son Sayyedna Ismail (Alaihis salam) and actually did so, but ALLAH Almighty after testing him of his submission, sent down a ram and saved his son from the logical fate of slaughter. It is from that time onwards that the sacrifice of an animal became an obligatory duty to be performed by every well to do Muslim.

Concerning this incident the Glorious Quran says:



"And when he attained the age of running with him (Sayyedna Ibrahim alaihis salam),

he said: "O my son verily I have seen in a dream that I am slaughtering thee, so look, considerest thou?"

He said: "O my father! Do that which thou art commanded, thou shalt find me, ALLAH willing, of the patients."

"Then when the two submitted themselves and had prostrated him on his temple."

"We cried unto him: "O Ibrahim! Of a surety thou hast fulfilled the vision. Verily We! That was a trial manifest. And We ransomed him with a mighty victim. And We left for him among the posterity. Peace be unto Ibrahim. Verily We! Thus we compense the well doers. Verily he was one of Our believing bondsmen." (37:102-111)

Takbeerate-Tashreeq


The above incident led to the origin of ‘Takbeer-e-Tashreeq’.



Takbeer-e-Tashreeq is the recitation of ALLAHu Akbar ALLAHu Akbar, Laa Ilaaha Ill-ALLAHu WALLAHu akbar, ALLAHu Akbar walillahil hamd- after every Fardh salat commencing from Fajr of the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah till after Asr of the 13th of Dhul Hijjah. (Shaami Vol.1, pg.620)



Eminent jurispudents have stated that the origin of the ‘Takbeer-e-Tasreeq’ is when the Hazrat Sayyedna Ibrahim (Alaihis salam) made Hazrat Sayyedna Ismail lie down, ALLAH ordered Hazrat Sayyedna Jibraeel (Alaihis salam) to take along a ‘fidyah’(ransom) and when Hazrat Sayyedna Jibraeel (Alaihis salam) arrived there, he feared that Hazrat Sayyedna Ibrahim (Alaihis salam) would slaughter Sayyedna Ismail (Alaihis salam) and so he began shouting "ALLAH Akbar, ALLAH Akbar."



Hearing his voice, Hazrat Sayyedna Ibrahim (Alaihis salam) took it as a glad tiding and exclaimed, "Laa ilaaha allallahu wallahu akbar."

Hazrat Ismail (Alaihis salam)also came to know that the ‘fidyah’ arrived and he got up saying, "ALLAHu akbar wa lillahil hamd," and began to eulogise and thank ALLAH.


The Ideology of Qurbani


Mufakkir-e-Islam Peer Syed Mohyuddin Mahboob states that the philosophy behind ‘Udhiya’ is that it is a demonstration of total submission to ALLAH and a proof of complete obedience to ALLAH’s will or command. When a Muslim offers a ‘Udhiya’ this is exactly what he intends to prove. Thus, the ‘Udhiya’ offered signifies that he is a slave of ALLAH at his best. And that he would not hesitate even for a moment once he receives an absolute command from his Creator to surrender before it, to obey it willingly, even if it be at the price of his life and possessions.

This is exactly what the Hazrat Sayyedna Ibrahim (Alaihis salam) did.



Apparently, there was no reason why a father should slaughter his innocent son. But, when the command came from ALLAH, he never asked the reason to that command, nor did he hesitate to obey it.



This is the true philosophy of ‘Qurbani’.


Benefits of Qurbani (Udhiyyah)


The virtues of ‘Udhiya’ are established from the following ‘Ahadith’ (Traditions).



1)Hazrat Anas Ibn Malik (Radi ALLAHu ta'aala anhu) reported that Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) sacrificed with his own hands, two white rams with black markings. He took the name of ALLAH and recited ‘Takbir’. Hazrat Anas Ibn Malik (Radi ALLAHu Ta'ala anhu) states that he saw him putting his foot upon their buttocks and saying: "In the name of ALLAH. And ALLAH is the greatest". (Sahih Bukhari ,Sahih Muslim)



2)Hazrat Jaber (Radi ALLAHu Ta'ala anhu) reported that Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) slaughtered on the day of sacrifice two horned, white and black castrated rams. When he faced them towards the Qibla, he said: "Verily I turn my face towards the One who created the heavens and the earth, upon the religion of Abraham, being upright, and I am not one of the polytheists. Verily my prayer, my life and my death are all for ALLAH, the Lord of the worlds. There is no partner with him and I have been ordered that, and I am one of the Muslims. O ALLAH, it is Thine and for Thee, from Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and his Ummah: In the name of ALLAH. ALLAH is the greatest". He then slaughtered the rams. (Ahmed, Abu Daud, Ibne Majah)



3)Hazrat Umm-ul-Momineen Ayesha Siddiqa (radiyallahu anha) reports that Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) said, "The son of Adam does not perform any actions on the day of sacrifice which is more pleasing to ALLAH than the shedding of blood. He will come on the day of resurrection with its hair, horns and hooves, and the blood certainly will fall in a place near ALLAH before it falls on the ground. So, make yourselves purified there with. (Tirmizi, Ibn Majah)



4)Hazrat Zaid bin Arqam (Radi ALLAHu ta'aala anhu) reports that the Companions of Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) asked him: " Ya Rasulullah, what is this sacrifice?" He said: "it is the way of your fore father Ibrahim (Alaihis salam)." They asked: what (reward) is for us therein?" He replied: "There is a reward for every hair (i.e. the reward for meat and useful parts of the animal’s body will be very lofty in merit, but there will also be a great reward for the parts which are useless and thrown away such as the hair)."



They asked: "For the wool, Ya Rasulullah?" He replied: "There is one reward for every strand of wool." (Ahmed, Ibn Majah)


Persons it is Wajib on


‘Qurbani’ is ‘wajib’ (compulsory) according to Sayyedna Imam-e-Adham Abu Hanifah Noman Ibn Thabit (and sunnat-e-muakkadah according to other Imams) upon every ‘mukeem’ (domiciled) and who possesses 613.35 grams of silver or its equivalent in money, personal ornaments, stock in trade or any other form of wealth which is surplus to his/her basic needs. Each adult member of a family who possesses that much wealth must perform his/her own ‘Qurbani’ separately.

Hazrat Ibn Umar (Radi ALLAHu ta'aala anhu) reports that Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) lived in Madinah Munawarah for ten years and performed ‘Qurbani’ every year. (Tirmizi)


Can a sacrifice be made on behalf of someone else


A sacrifice can be made on behalf of others such as minor offspring. This offering is not ‘wajib’ (compulsory) but is ‘mustahab’ (desirable). Similarly if one decides to sacrifice on behalf of the spouse or a father decides to sacrifice on behalf of an adult offspring (apart from offering his/her own ‘Qurbani’) can do so with their permission. A sacrifice can also be made on behalf of a deceased Muslim. This can be classified into three categories:



• 1- If the deceased had made a will for a sacrifice then, it is permissible to sacrifice to fulfil the will but is incumbent to give all the meat of the sacrificed animal to the poor and needy (those who are entitled to receive ‘Zakaat’). (Shami vol.5 p293)

• 2- Whether or not the deceased had made this will, his/her relative or friends can make a ‘nafl’ (voluntary) sacrifice from their own money; the meat of this sacrificed animal can be partaken by the rich and poor alike.

• 3- One may make a voluntary sacrifice from one’s own wealth for the deceased persons and this meat can partaken by all, rich and poor.

If ones intention is of mere remittance of recompense to a dead person then it will be superior to slaughter an animal during the Days of ‘Nahar’ instead of giving money in charity. This is because reward is attained both for spending wealth and for sacrificing.



In a ‘Hadith’ it is stated.



Hazrat Hanash (Radi ALLAHu ta'aala anhu) reported: I saw Hazrat Ali (Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) sacrificing two rams. I asked him, "What is this?" He said: "Verily the Messenger of ALLAH (Peace be upon him) left instruction to me to sacrifice on his behalf, and so I am sacrificing on his behalf. (Tirmizi, Abu Daud)

Note: Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) is so generous that he had sacrificed on behalf of his whole ‘Ummah’ and we see here Hazrat Ali (Karram ALLAHu wajhahul kareem) sacrificing for Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) after he has passed away. We learn from this that we should also put a share of Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) in our sacrifice.




Restrictions before practice of Udhiyyah


This could be understood from the following ‘Hadith’:


Hazrat Umm-e- Salama radiyallahu anha reports that the Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him)said, "Whoever sights the crescent moon of ‘Zul-Hijjah’ and is intending to make a sacrifice should refrain from cutting his bodily hair and paring his nails". (Muslim)



Thus after sighting the ‘Zul-hijjah’ crescent, it is desirable for a man intending to make a sacrifice to refrain from cutting the hair of his body and paring his nails till he has slaughtered the animal. This is because he is making a sacrifice in lieu of the sacrifice of his own life. Each part of the sacrificial animal is in lieu of each part of his own body.



Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) has given this order that no part of his body may be absent at the time of the descent of divine mercy. If more than forty days have passed one should not be idle in removing unwanted hair, nails, etc, in order to save oneself from ‘karaahat’ (abomination).




Best Manner of Practicing Udhiyyah


It is preferable that one selects on animals oneself, nourishes it and becomes familiar with it, as this animal is to become the means great recompense and not only that, but it is a substitute for the sacrifice of ones own child.


Rules regarding the distribution of meat


Although the person offering a Qurbani can keep all its meat for his own use, yet it is preferable to distribute one third among the poor, another one third among his friends and relatives, and then keep the rest for his personal consumption. Thus, if possible, one should eat its meat on the very day.





The Shari' way of Practicing Udhiya



This has been explained in great detail by Mujaddidi-e-waqt, Qutb-e-Zaman, Imam-ul-ahnaf Hakeem-e-millat Abu Masu'd Peer Syed Mahmood Shah Muhaddis Hazarvi (Quddisa sirruhul azeez) in his book Ad-dawlatul Qaadiriya fi hilli Zabaaikh-il-Islaamiya. I briefly mention the details of this.



1. The jurists have clarified that it is prohibited to inflict pain to an animal when there is no benefit in doing so. It is stated in the book Dur-ul-Mukhtar:



"Any sort of pain infliction, which is of no benefit, is ‘makrooh’ (undesirable), for example; the cutting off the head and the skinning of the animal before the animal becomes still i.e. ceases to shake and shiver."



Since the aforementioned blow is not sufficient for slaughtering, therefore, it obviously is a means of hurting the animal without there being any benefit in doing so and this is prohibited in the ‘Shariah’. If anyone were to say that by this method no pain comes to the animal, but in fact it helps in discharging the blood from the body and it also idles the senses, then this is not true. The reason for this is that before it became unconscious the senses of the animal had been sound and after unconsciousness the breaking of the senses is not certain. It is possible that with the use of this instrument the movement becomes still, yet the senses remain sound. This is also stated in the book Dur-ul-Mukhtar:



"The nullification of the senses is not necessary for the inactivity of movement."



It is apparent that in the state of the senses remaining sound the use of this instrument will be means of no pain.



2. The ‘Shariah’ has stated that the purpose of slaughtering is to discharge flowing blood. It is obvious that, when conscious, the natural health of the body will be stronger, and further more, this is also evident that the discharging of flowing blood is an act of the healthy body. Hence the stronger the body health the more blood will be discharged. Thus, the purpose of the ‘Shariah’ will be fulfilled to a greater extent. Therefore, to cause less blood to discharge by weakening the body health purposefully is not permissible in the ‘Shariah’, as it leads to opposing the purpose of slaughtering.



3. The third point which is the most detestable, when the first two are disregarded, is enough to clarify the impermissibility of slaughtering an animal by hitting it or making it unconscious. This is that the person who carries this out will believe that this manner of slaughtering is more commendable than the way shown by the ‘Shariah’ (where the animal is not made unconscious). In respect of this he will think the method (of slaughtering) shown by the ‘Shariah’ as being inferior and defective, and to give priority to invention over revelation is close to ‘kufr’. ALLAH knows best and HE is The Most Wise.


Offering of Udhiyaah on days other than Dhhul Hijjah


If somebody out of his/her ignorance and negligence, did not offer ‘Qurbani’ on the three prescribed days (10th, 11th and 12th ‘Zulhijjah’) they should then give the price of the ‘Qurbani’ as ‘sadaqah’ (alms and charity) This does not mean that Sadaqah is an alternative, this will only be the case when it is not offered on the prescribed days, thus there is no alternative to ‘Qurbani’ in the prescribed days.



Conclusion



Finally I end by quoting the following ‘Hadith’:


Hazrat Abu Hurairah (Radi ALLAHu ta'aala anhu) reports that Huzoor Muallim-u-Maqsood-e-Qa'inaat Rasool-e-Azam (Peace be upon him) has said : "Whoever has the capacity to sacrifice and does not do so, should not come to the place where the Eid prayer is offered." (Ibn Majah). Hence we can understand the importance of ‘Udhiya’ from the above ‘Hadith’, therefore each and every Muslim who is obliged should offer it, and if possible within their domicile. This will not only create an atmosphere of ‘Eid’ and ‘Qurbani’ in the community but will also serve as a lesson for generations to come.

Family tree Of kazmi sadaat in Pakistan

Peer Syed Mohyuddin Mahboob
Blessed Lineage:

The Shajara-e-Shareef of his holiness Mufakirey Islam Abu Zain Pir Syed Mohyuddin Mahboob Bin Sheikul Islam Syed Peer Mahmood Shah Muhaddis Hazarvi (Quddisa Sirruhul Azeez) is as follows:

Mufakerey islam Abu zain Peer syed Mohyuddin Mahboob S/o
Sheikh-ul-Islam Abu Mas’ud Pir Syed Mahmood Shah Muhaddis Hazarvi (Quddisa Sirruhul Azeez) s/o
Qudwatul Awliya Naqeeb-us-Sa’adat As-Sayed Mahboob Ali Shah (RA) s/o
Syyed-ul-fuqaara, Imam-ul-waasileen Syed Faqeer Shah Wali Muhaddis (RA) s/o
Imam-ul-Muhaddisin Sanad-ul-waasileen As-Sayed Nawab Shah Muhaddis (RA) s/o
Hafiz-ul-kitaabi was-sunnah As-Sayed Hafiz Umar Shah (RA) s/o
Syed Mahboob Shah (RA) s/o
Syed Kabeer Shah (RA) s/o
Syed Ma’mur Shah also known as Syed Baqir Shah (RA) s/o
Syed Aalam Shah (RA) s/o
Syed Shahyaar Muhammad (RA) s/o
Syed Faqeer Shah Muhammad Qutb (RA) s/o
Syed Rahmatullah Shah (RA) s/o
Syed Mahmood Muhaddis (RA) s/o
Syed Zain-ul-Abideen (RA) s/o
Syed Naseer-ud-deen also known as Syed Obaid (RA) s/o
Syed Ali Sher Ibrahim (RA) s/o
Syed Abdul Kareem (RA) s/o
Syed Wajih-ud-deen (RA) s/o
Syed Wali-ud-deen also known as Syed Fathu-d-deen (RA) s/o
Syed Muhammad Ghaazi at-thaani (RA) s/o
Syed Sultan Raza-ud-deen also known as Syed Riaz-ud-deen (RA) s/o
Syed Sultan Sadruddin also known as Syed Abdul Wahab (RA) s/o
Syed Sultan Muhammad Ahmad Sabiq (RA) s/o
Syed Hussain Al-Mashhad (ruler of Ajmer-Khangsawar) (RA) s/o
Syed Sultan Ali Abdulla (Ruler of Balkh & balband) (RA) s/o
Syed Abdur-rahman Shah also known as Syed Bulbul Shah (RA) s/o
Syed Ishaque Saani (RA) s/o
Syed Muhammad Aalam (RA) s/o
Syed Abdulla Qassim (RA) s/o
Syed Muhammad Awwal (RA) s/o
Syed Ishaque-ul-Muwwaffiq (RA) s/o
Syed Imam Musa Kaazim (RA) s/o
Syed Imam Jafar-as-Sadiq (RA) s/o
Syed Imam Muhammad Baqir (RA) s/o
Syed Imam Ali Zain-ul-Abideen (RA) s/o
Syed Imam-us-Shuhadaa Imam Hussain (AS) s/o
Syyeda Fatima-tuz-Zahra (RA) - the beloved and noble daughter of
ALLAH’s Perfect Creation- The Leader of All Worlds- Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

Bulbul Shah - Harbinger of Muslim period in Kashmir

Peer Syed Mohyuddin Mahboob

Prof. ML Kaul

They (Hindus) are particularly anxious about the natural strength of their country and therefore take much care to keep a strong hold upon the entrances and roads leading to it. In consequence, it is very difficult to have any commerce with them. In former times they used to allow one or two foreigners to enter their country, particularly jews, but at present do not allow any Hindu whom they do not know personally to enter, much less, other people’.

This was how Kashmir, acci dentally went the Islamic way after six hundred years of advent of Islam in India. The moment guards were lowered and defen sive measures ignored and skirted away, Kashmir which was already on the target list of Muslim rulers of India became critically vulnerable to all shades of sabotage, subversion and chaos. Two Kashmir kings, Harsa and Suha Dev, could be held as culprits who thoughtlessly permitted persons of doubtful antecedents to enter and stay in Kashmir. Harsa recruited alien Turks in his state army. Suhadev granted munifi cent patronage to an adventurer, Shah Mir, coming all the way from Swat. His Commander-in-chief, Ram Chander, gave refuge to a Ladakhi prince who otherwise would have been cruelly butchered by the enemies of his clan

The syndrome of over-confi dence buttressed by high-scale strides and achievements that Kashmiris had registered in all spheres of human knowledge in cluding abstract thought had made Kashmir rulers lax in matters of defence especially in giving entry to persons of unknown credentials. Having frustrated designs of the invading hordes led by Mahmud Gaznavi must have certainly bolstered up con fidences graph of the rulers by many nautches. Not cognising the changes in the religious complexion of the immediate neigh borhoods as effected by Mahmud Gaznavi Hindu rulers stuck to a high moral ground of granting generosity and compassion to fleeing men in pain and distress.

As they breathed an ethos of liberalism, tolerance and mutual accommodation the idea of putting crippling curbs on the for eigners of any variety never crossed their mind. Shah Mir, though an alien Muslim, was al­lowed unrestricted to come to the top perch of the administrative, apparatus of the land. Rinchen, despite a feuding background had free access to the garrisoned quarters of the army chief of the kingdom. He was granted even a Jagir for sustenance.

Sharf-ud-Din, a Musavi Sayyid, an Islamist missionary was a Suharwardian in matters of allegiance and practice. The sect was known as Suharwardy as it was founded by Sheikh Zia-ud-Din Abul Suharwardy. One of his prominent disciples Niamat Ullah Farsi had initiated Sharf-ud-Din in the rudimentary for­malities and ritualistic modes of the sect. After being forced out of his birth-land he is credited with having founded the sect in Kashmir after being granted asylum by Suha Dev. Many other Sayyid-Sufis of the same sect had arrived in Kash mir much before him but they had to move out for want of patronage. As an Integral part of the whole can vas of Indian civilisation Kashmir had achieved a remarkable name in the domain of religion and science (Alberuni) and as such had riveted the glaring at tention of religious leaders. The Brahman monks from Kashmir had Sanskritised the borders deep down to the vast swathes of cen tral Asia, Tibet, China and Mongol lands.

In the meantime Kashmir was plunged into a messy chaos, when Zulju invaded Kashmir with an army of 60,000 soldiers, mostly turks and mongols and reduced it through unprec edented loot, plunder and detest able slaughter. In the words of Jonraj, ‘Kashmir presented a piti ful spectacle. Further pitilessly wailed and moaned when father fought his son. Brother separating from his brother lost him for ever...Depopulated, un cultivated, grainless and gramineous, the country of Kashmir offered, as it were, the scenario of primal chaos’.

Zulju, cruel and heartless, massacred thousands of Kashmiri Hindus and put them to horrendous cruelties and atrocities. Having looted and destroyed the last bit of grains Hindus, painfully died from starvation and poverty. There was so much of horrifying bloodshed that rivers and rivulets all went gory with the blood of Hindus. Corpses could be seen littering over large spaces of Kashmir. He was so pitiless and tyrannical that he got even wild grass burnt down as it might sustain the blighted Hindus. Fifty thousand Hindus, men, women and children, got perished in a blizzard at the foot-hills of Banihal when Zulju was lashing them along for their sale in the slave market of Turkestan.

In the wake of devastating havoc wrought by the devilish Zulju and his huge army, Ram Chander played a commendable role in repulsing the raid launched by the Gaddies of Kishtwar. Taking advantage of chaos and political instability Rinchen, who had enjoyed full shelter and succour, resorted to a sordid strategy of getting Ram Chander, the army chief of Kash mir, murdered through his ac complices from his native place and captured the throne. Thus Kashmir fell into the hands of one who had sought refuge in Kashmir and enjoyed large hearted magnanimity of Kashmiris.

Capturing the throne through deceit and murder, Rinchen, a moral wreck, though diffident and unsteady on his feet yet keen to consolidate his position begged of Deva Swami, a Shavite saint and scholar to al low him prompt admittance into the Hindu fold. As Hindus detest conversions and have no history of conversions he was flatly re fused admittance in the faith. But, keenly desirous of indentifying himself with a clus ter of people, no matter howso ever small the group, he was led to Sharf-ud-Din, historians say by another outsider Shah Mir for conversions to the faith that he harboured granted him admit tance into Islam without any for mal baptisation. It was at a later date that Persian chroniclers as signed him the name of Sadrud-din, thus lending him legitimacy as a Muslim. But, to Jonraj, a native historian, he was Rinchen who was obstinately refused en trance into Hindu fold.

Rinchen joined the ranks Muslims only to win support for his deceitful capture of throne from a group of people as inse cure as he himself was. In psy­chological terms his condition could be diagnosed as that of a paranoid who felt highly insecure and nervous when he found him self surrounded by the same vast numbers of people who had pit ied his distressed state as a fugi tive from Ladakh and granted him refuge. He failed to remain in power as indigenous people through a revolt inflicted a wound on his head thus killing him.

The Persian chroniclers have deliberately woven a myth that Rinchen had spiritual restless ness which he yearned to be calmed down through expert spiritual guidance at the hands of a preceptor. It is also recorded that Deva Swami, a Shaivite saint and scholar, failed to satisfy his spiritual yearnings and urges. The bitter fact is that Rinchen had no spiritual cultivation and had no spiritual aspirations and yearnings. Showing external al legiance to Islam was his political chicanery. As evidenced by Jonraj, he was savagely brutal as he ripped open the soft bellies of pregnant women of Ladakhis who were his sworn enemies. There can be much of pith in the statement if it be said that proselytisation campaign in Kashmir was in dire need of one like Rinchen who would serve its ends through Qahran and Jabran (Baharistan). On Sharif-ud-Din’s persistent proddings Rinchen constructed the first-ever mosque in Kashmir.

For Sharf-ud-Din a hospice was built and for its up-keep revenues of a number of villages were assigned to it. A langar-Khanna was established for the poor.

Prior to Rinchen's conversion, he could not build a mosque nor a hospice, nor could be establish a langar-Khanna. It is pertinent to put that Muslim expressions came to be set up only after Islam was adopted a state religion.

1st Muslim Saint in Indian Kashmir

By: Peer Syed Mohyuddin Mahboob

Hazrat Bulbul Shah: 1st Great Muslim Sufi Saint of Kashmir

HAZRAT BULBUL SHAH

Newsline From Jammu and Kashmir Government -

Ist Great Muslim Sufi Saint of Kashmir

Hazrat Sharaf-ud-Din Abdul Rehman Bulbul Shah laid foundation of Sufi and secular culture of Kashmir in the year 1320 A.D. historians, scholars and intellectuals are of the opinion that like other great civilizations of the world. The origin of Sufi civilization of Kashmir worldwide known as Kashmiriyat lies in the philosophy of brotherhood and mutual love respectability as propagated by Bulbul Shah commonly known as Amir-i-Kashmir and Baadashah-i-Kashmir. Wheather he was actually born in Kashmir and later on received religious education in Turkistan and Bhagdad or he was actually born in Turkistan and later on visited Kashmir where he permanently stayed till his death is subject to various scholarly opinions. However, it is clear that like other great Sufi saints of Kashmir his grave and shrine is present in the Valley.

During the time of Bulbul Shah three distinguished religions Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam had impact in Asia. Bulbul Shah propagated synthesis of all three religions and introduced message of peace as enshrined in Islam in such a manner that all luminaries of Hinduism and Buddhism were influenced by him, particularly Prince of Kashgar and Ladakh Rinchen Shah who is known as Renzu Shah as per history written by Khawja Dedmari, G.M.D. Sufi’s “Kashier” page 119 and other chronicles.

Renzu Shah was born Warrior, brave bold and protector of people. He had heared about miseries of Kashmir which was plundered and ravaged by Mangols and Tatar’s under tyrant commander Dulcha. Dulcha had ordered burning of Srinagar, raping of women and killing of entire men folk. King of Kashmir Samha Deva escaped out of fear. It was Renzu Shah Ranchana who saved people from tyranny and was titled as lion among men (Sher-i-Kashmir). The title symbolizing Kashmiriyat was given to other great leaders of Kashmir as a symbol of being protector of people. Impressed by bravery and people friendly approach of Renzu Shah, Hazrat Bulbul Shah blessed the king. He adopted Islam under the influence of Bulbul Shah alongwith his Ministers and majority of the subjects. His wife Kuta Rani inspite of her Hindu faith was daily attending their Peer-i-Murshed Hazrat Bulbul Shah, who spread message of love and peace. The Valley after span of terror let loose by Tartars, witnessed era of tranquility, love and peace during period of Bulbul Shah and Renzu Shah who assumed the name of Sultan Sadar-ud-Din. His son Khawja Hyder instead of Kingship preferred Sufi way of life.

As per research conducted by scholars and historians Bulbul Shah was accompanied with other pious saints particularly Bulbul Kamal-ud-Din, whose grave is between Chakoti and Uri road, Bulbul Jalal-ud-Din whose grave is between Harwan Buddhist Monastery and Nishat Garden and Hazrat Kamal Sahib who was buried just out side the palace of King Renzu Shah. The Palace of King is presently constructed as college and new Women’s College building has been converted at the ancestral site, while as graves of both Bulbul Shah and Renzu Shah (Rinchana) are located at Bulbul Lankar Nawa Kadal, on the other side of the Palace. The Bulbul Shah’s shrine is first Muslim Sufi shrine of Kashmir which has its intellectual influence upto Kashgar.

Hazrat Syed Abdurahman Shah Known As Bulbul Shah

Peer Syed Mohyuddin Mahboob

Bulbul-e-Kashmir Hazrat Syed Abdurahman Shah Kown as Hazrat Bulbul Shah

In the valley of Kashmir persons, who established through their actions and precepts, captivated the hearts of the people, called them to the true Religion and filled the hearts with the light of monotheism, faith, and devotion, Bulbul Shah stands taller among them. People called him with the epithet of the nightingale of Kashmir.

Parentage

His name was Syed Sheriff Uddin Abdul Rehman and title Syed Bilal that owing to frequent use changed into Bulbul. Hence he came to be known as Bulbul Shah or the Bulbul-e-Kashmir.

Order
Bulbul Shah sought allegiance to the renowned saint, Shah Nemat-Ullah Farisi Shirazi, of the Suharawardy Order who, in turn, looked to Zia Uddin-Ul-Najeeb Abdul Qahiri.

Arrival in the Kashmir Valley

Bulbul Shah's native town is a matter of controversy among the writers. Dr. SN Naz thinks, he was from the region of Tamkastan of the ancient Iran, some relates him to Baghdad; still others trace him from Turkistan. He reached Kashmir with his friend Mullah Ahmad. Some hold, he came to Kashmir with one thousand refugees out of the fear of the Mangols. Others believe, he entered the valley in 1324 AD. During the reign of Ranchan Shah. We think his arrival during the reign of Ranchan Shah, a Bodh ruler, is more probable. Rancher Shah was a seeker of Truth. Hinduism could not satisfy him and found the answer with Bulbul Shah. His meeting with Bulbul left a deep mark on him and he learnt the teaching of Islam from his precepts and actions. He embraced Islam under the assumed name Sadar Uddin, and along with him thousands became Muslims.

Ranchan Shah shared a greater responsibility in the propagation of Islam. He ordered for the construction of a monastery for Bulbul Shah, came to be known as the Khanqah-e-Bulbul Shah which formerly stood in the Mohalla Bulbullinko. In addition to it, he raised a mosque and several other buildings which don't exist now and of which we read in books only.

The nobles who turned to Islam included the commander of the Kashmir forces, Ravan Chandra. He adopted Bibi Lalla, the saint, as his daughter and foretold that she would be a great saint. This proved true.

Education

Hazrat Syed Bulbul Shah was a great scholar, a man of letters, and a theologian. Besides, he had reached the lovely end in intrinsic and spiritual learning. He illuminated the darkness of the hearts with the torch of the faith.

Travels

He resigned the worldly matters for meditation, prayers, and travels, which, at last, landed him into Kashmir.

Revelation and Miracles

Once it grew very cold in Kashmir. The water in the river Jhelum froze hard. People suffered for want of water. Bulbul Shah himself went in search of water but the Jhelum water was so hard that it refused to break. He saw towards the sky and said, "Where is the sun to melt the snow from its heat?" It is said, the sun rose and frozen snow melted.

Bulbul Shah was a wonderful and impressive man. Whatever he said did it built a place of peace and quiet in the form of a monastery from where ran the stream of benedictions and Faith that lit the entire valley.

Death

He died on 7, Rajab 722 Hijri (1326 AD) The following couplet, when computed, gives 722 Hijri as his date of death.